Ilex aquifolium, commonly known as European holly or English holly, is an evergreen shrub or tree native to Europe and western Asia. It has glossy, spiny leaves, red berries, and small white flowers. The plant is dioecious, meaning male and female flowers grow on separate plants. It is often used in Christmas decorations and hedges. The berries are toxic to humans but provide food for birds. It thrives in well-drained soil and partial shade.

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