Common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) with fungi at a mountain brook

Carpinus betulus, commonly known as European hornbeam, is a deciduous tree native to Europe and Western Asia. It grows up to 25 meters tall with a dense, oval crown. The leaves are serrated, ovate, and turn yellow in autumn. It produces small green flowers in spring and winged nutlets in autumn. Often used in hedges and topiary due to its tolerance for pruning. Prefers well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. Valued for its hard wood and ornamental appeal.

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